Streptozocin is an anti-tumor agent commonly used in metastatic cancer of pancreatic islet cells. It is a glucosamine-nitrosourea. Streptozocin was discovered in soil microbe Streptomyces achromogenes at Upjohn (now Pfizer). It targets mammalian pancreatic islets beta cells and causes DNA alkylation. These cells produce insulin thus it can be used in animal models of diabetes. DNA damages in turn causes activation of polyAPD-ribosylation, leading to beta cell destruction. The level of activity depends on GLUT2 expression level.
Streptozocin is freely soluble in aqueous solution.